Water Resources
Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 10 · Social Science
Quick revision notes for Water Resources — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 10 Social Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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1. Water as a Resource and Water Scarcity
- Three-fourth of the earth's surface is covered with water, but only a small proportion is usable fresh water.
- Freshwater is mainly obtained from surface run off and groundwater, both of which are continuously renewed through the hydrological cycle.
- Water is a renewable resource, but renewable does not mean unlimited.
2. Need for Water Conservation and Management
- Water conservation is necessary to protect health, food security, livelihoods, and natural ecosystems.
- Over-exploitation and mismanagement of water resources can lead to ecological crisis.
- Rapid population growth increases domestic water demand and food demand.
3. Ancient Hydraulic Structures in India
- India has a long tradition of water harvesting and irrigation structures.
- During the time of Chandragupta Maurya, dams, lakes, and irrigation systems were extensively built.
- In the 11th century, Bhopal Lake was built and was one of the largest artificial lakes of its time.
4. Dams and Multi-Purpose River Projects
- A dam is a barrier across flowing water that obstructs, directs, or retards the flow and often creates a reservoir, lake, or impoundment.
- The word 'dam' can refer to the reservoir rather than the structure.
- Dams are classified according to structure, intended purpose, or height.
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