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Environment and Natural Resources

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Political Science

Complete topic list for Environment and Natural Resources in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.

49 questions80 flashcards5 concepts

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4 Topics · Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science

Topics in Environment and Natural Resources

1

1. Environment as a Political Issue

  • Environmental degradation affects food production, water supply, forests, biodiversity, the ozone layer, and coastal areas.
  • Governments cannot solve many environmental problems alone because pollution, climate change, deforestation, and water shortages cross borders.
  • Environmental questions are political because they involve who causes damage, who pays the cost, who takes corrective action, and who gets how much of a natural resource.
2

2. Global Environmental Politics and the Earth Summit

  • The Brundtland Report Our Common Future was published in 1987 and warned that traditional patterns of economic growth were not sustainable in the long term.
  • The Earth Summit, also called the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 1992.
  • The Earth Summit was attended by 170 states, thousands of NGOs, and many multinational corporations.
3

3. Global Commons and Antarctica

  • Global commons are areas outside the sovereign jurisdiction of any one state and require common governance by the international community.
  • The global commons include the earth's atmosphere, Antarctica, the ocean floor, and outer space.
  • Antarctica extends over 14 million square kilometres and comprises 26 per cent of the world's wilderness area.
4

4. Common but Differentiated Responsibilities

  • Countries of the North and South view environmental issues differently.
  • Developed countries often focus on current environmental damage and want equal responsibility from all states.
  • Developing countries argue that developed countries caused most of the damage during industrialisation and should bear greater responsibility.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Environment and Natural Resources in Contemporary World Politics

Environmental concerns in global politicsRise of environmentalismEarth Summit 1992Sustainable developmentGlobal commonsAntarcticaCommon but differentiated responsibilitiesKyoto Protocol

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Environment and Natural Resources for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science?
Environment and Natural Resources covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Environment and Natural Resources — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 49 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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