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Recent developments in Indian politics

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Political Science

Complete topic list for Recent developments in Indian politics in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.

51 questions70 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic summarizing the five crucial developments that impacted Indian politics in the 1990s: decline of Congress system, rise of Mandal issue, new economic reforms, Ayodhya dispute, and Rajiv
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4 Topics · Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science

Topics in Recent developments in Indian politics

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1. The end of Congress dominance and the rise of coalition politics

  • Congress won 415 seats in the 1984 Lok Sabha election but was reduced to 197 seats in 1989.
  • The 1989 election marked the end of the 'Congress system'.
  • Rajiv Gandhi became Prime Minister after the assassination of Indira Gandhi and led Congress to a massive victory in 1984.
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2. Mandal politics and the rise of OBC assertion

  • OBC stands for Other Backward Classes, an administrative category distinct from SC and ST.
  • Reservations for OBCs already existed in southern states since the 1960s, but not in north Indian states until later.
  • During the Janata Party government tenure of 1977 to 1979, Karpoori Thakur introduced a new OBC reservation policy in Bihar.
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3. Dalit politics and the rise of BSP

  • The 1980s also saw the rise of political organisation among Dalits.
  • BAMCEF was formed in 1978.
  • BAMCEF was not an ordinary trade union; it supported political power for the bahujan.
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4. New economic reforms and structural adjustment

  • The economic policy of various governments took a radically different turn in this period.
  • This shift is known as the structural adjustment programme or the new economic reforms.
  • Rajiv Gandhi started these reforms.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Political change in India since 1989: decline of Congress dominance, rise of coalition politics, OBC mobilization, economic reforms, communal politics, and a new political consensus

End of Congress systemCoalition politicsMandal issueOBC political riseDalit politics and BSPNew economic reformsCommunal politics and HindutvaAyodhya issue

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Recent developments in Indian politics for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science?
Recent developments in Indian politics covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Recent developments in Indian politics — Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 51 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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