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Challenges to and restoration of the congress system — Syllabus

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Political Science

What Challenges to and restoration of the congress system covers in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

34 questions80 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic illustrating the key challenges faced by India's democracy after Nehru's death, including doubts about democratic survival, economic crises, and social divisions, leading to the 'danger
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4 Topics · Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science · 2026-27

Topics in Challenges to and restoration of the congress system

1

Challenge of political succession

  • Jawaharlal Nehru died in May 1964 after being unwell for more than a year.
  • His death raised two questions: who would succeed him, and whether India’s democratic experiment would survive a leadership change.
  • K. Kamraj, as Congress president, consulted party leaders and MPs and found consensus for Lal Bahadur Shastri.
2

From Shastri to Indira Gandhi

  • After Shastri’s death, Congress faced competition between Morarji Desai and Indira Gandhi.
  • Indira Gandhi was Nehru’s daughter, a former Congress president, and Union Minister for Information in Shastri’s cabinet.
  • Morarji Desai had earlier served as Chief Minister of Bombay state and later held central positions.
3

Fourth general elections, 1967

  • The fourth general elections were held in February 1967.
  • The Congress was facing the electorate for the first time without Nehru.
  • The election took place in a climate of economic distress, shortages, protests, and public unrest.
4

Non-Congressism, coalitions and state politics

  • Opposition parties saw that their votes were split and that Congress benefited from this division.
  • Ram Manohar Lohia named the strategy of joining anti-Congress forces 'non-Congressism'.
  • Lohia argued that Congress rule was undemocratic and that non-Congress parties should come together to reclaim democracy.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Challenges to and restoration of the Congress system in India after Nehru

Political succession after NehruIndira Gandhi's rise to powerEconomic crisis and public unrest1967 general electionsLoss of Congress power in statesDMK victory in MadrasCoalition governments and SVDNon-Congressism

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Challenges to and restoration of the congress system for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Political Science?
Key topics in Challenges to and restoration of the congress system include Challenge of political succession, From Shastri to Indira Gandhi, Fourth general elections, 1967, Non-Congressism, coalitions and state politics. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Challenges to and restoration of the congress system for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 34 practice questions on Challenges to and restoration of the congress system. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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