Banking Services
NIOS · Class 10 · Business Studies
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Meaning of Bank and Role of Banking
- A bank is a lawful organization that accepts deposits which can be withdrawn on demand and also lends money to individuals and business houses that need it.
- A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money into lending activities.
- Banks give two assurances to depositors: safety of deposits and withdrawal whenever needed.
Banks and Moneylenders
- Banks are organised institutions.
- Moneylenders are individuals, not organised institutions.
- Banks accept deposits and then lend money.
Types of Banks
- Banks are classified into Central Bank, Commercial Banks, Development Banks, Co-operative Banks, and Specialised Banks.
- The Reserve Bank of India is the Central Bank of India.
- Commercial Banks are divided into Public Sector Banks, Private Sector Banks, and Foreign Banks.
Central Bank and Reserve Bank of India
- The Reserve Bank of India was established on April 1, 1935 under the RBI Act, 1934.
- Its Central Office was initially in Calcutta and permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937.
- It was nationalised in 1949 and is now fully owned by the Government of India.
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