Introduction To Probability
NIOS · Class 10 · Maths
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A fair coin is tossed once. What is the probability of getting a head?
A die is thrown once. What is the probability of getting an even number?
A bag contains 3 red balls and 2 blue balls. What is the probability of drawing a red ball?
A card is drawn from a deck of 52 cards. What is the probability of drawing a king?
Sample Questions
If P(E) = 0.3, what is P(not E)?
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0.7
Step 1: Recall the complement rule: P(E) + P(not E) = 1. Step 2: Given that P(E) = 0.3. Step 3: Substitute in the formula: 0.3 + P(not E) = 1. Step 4: Solve for P(not E): P(not E) = 1 - 0.3 = 0.7.
Two coins are tossed together. What is the probability of getting at least one head?
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3/4
Step 1: List all possible outcomes: HH, HT, TH, TT (total = 4). Step 2: Identify outcomes with at least one head: HH, HT, TH (favorable = 3). Step 3: Apply probability formula: P(at least one head) = 3/4. Alternative method: P(at least one head) = 1 - P(no heads) = 1 - P(TT) = 1 - 1/4 = 3/4.
A die is rolled. What is the probability of getting a number greater than 4?
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1/3
Step 1: List all possible outcomes on a die: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 (total = 6). Step 2: Identify numbers greater than 4: 5 and 6 (favorable = 2). Step 3: Apply probability formula: P(number > 4) = 2/6. Step 4: Simplify the fraction: 2/6 = 1/3.
A bag contains 5 white balls and 7 black balls. What is the probability of drawing a white ball?
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5/12
Step 1: Calculate total number of balls: 5 white + 7 black = 12 balls. Step 2: Number of white balls = 5. Step 3: Apply probability formula: P(white) = 5/12. Step 4: The fraction 5/12 is already in simplest form, so the answer is 5/12.
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