Structure of Atom

Atoms consist of three fundamental particles

Atoms consist of three fundamental particles: electrons (negative charge, mass = 9.109 × 10⁻³¹ kg, charge = -1.602 × 10⁻¹⁹ C), protons (positive charg

Proposed in 1898

Proposed in 1898, Thomson suggested atoms are uniform spheres of positive charge with electrons embedded within, like plums in pudding. He calculated

Based on alpha particle scattering experiments

Based on alpha particle scattering experiments (1909), Rutherford concluded that atoms have a tiny, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center wi

Atomic number (Z) = number

Atomic number (Z) = number of protons = number of electrons in neutral atom. Mass number (A) = number of protons + number of neutrons. Represented as

Isotopes are atoms of same element

Isotopes are atoms of same element (same Z) with different numbers of neutrons (different A). Examples: ¹²₆C, ¹³₆C, ¹⁴₆C. Isobars are atoms with same