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Revision Notes

Coordination and Control

Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Biology

Quick revision notes for Coordination and Control — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

43 questions35 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

The Human Neural System

  • The neural system is made up of specialized cells called neurons that detect, receive, and transmit stimuli.
  • It is divided into the Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).
  • CNS includes the brain and spinal cord; it processes information and controls responses.
2

Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and Spinal Cord

  • Brain is protected by the skull and covered by three meninges: dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
  • Brain has three main parts: Forebrain, Midbrain, and Hindbrain.
  • Forebrain includes cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus. Cerebrum controls thinking, memory, and voluntary actions.
3

Autonomic Neural System (ANS)

  • ANS controls involuntary actions and is divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
  • Sympathetic system prepares the body for 'fight or flight' — increases heart rate, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion.
  • Parasympathetic system promotes 'rest and digest' — slows heart rate, constricts pupils, stimulates digestion.
4

Generation and Conduction of Nerve Impulse

  • Neurons are polarized at rest — inside is negative, outside is positive due to ion distribution.
  • Resting potential is maintained by Na⁺-K⁺ pump (3 Na⁺ out, 2 K⁺ in).
  • When stimulated, Na⁺ channels open, causing depolarization (action potential).

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

The CNS consists of the brainNeurons are specialized cells that transmitA reflex is an automaticThe endocrine system consists of glandsSense organs like the eye

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Coordination and Control for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology?
Coordination and Control covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
How to score full marks in Coordination and Control — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 43 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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