Chemical Equilibrium — Chapter Summary
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
Summary of Chemical Equilibrium for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry. Part of the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry syllabus.
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Overview
In many chemical reactions, reactants do not completely convert into products. Instead, after some time, the concentrations of both reactants and products remain constant, indicating that the system has reached a state of balance known as chemical equilibrium. This chapter explores the nature of equ
Key Concepts
Reversible reactions proceed in both forward
Reversible reactions proceed in both forward and reverse directions simultaneously and are denoted by ⇌. For example, esterification of acetic acid an
At equilibrium
At equilibrium, the forward and reverse reactions continue at equal rates, so there is no net change in concentrations. This is dynamic equilibrium, n
The equilibrium constant Kc is
The equilibrium constant Kc is the ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations, each raised to their stoichiometric coefficients, at eq
When a system at equilibrium
When a system at equilibrium is disturbed by changes in concentration, pressure, or temperature, the system shifts to counteract the change. For examp
Learning Objectives
- Differentiate between static and dynamic equilibrium
- Identify and explain reversible and irreversible reactions
- Explain the dynamic nature of equilibrium in reversible reactions
- List and describe the characteristics of equilibrium state
- Write expressions for equilibrium constants (Kc and Kp) for homogeneous and heterogeneous systems
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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