d-block and f-block Elements

Transition elements are those in

Transition elements are those in which the d-orbitals are partially filled in either the atomic or ionic state. They include elements from groups 3 to

Due to the small energy difference

Due to the small energy difference between (n-1)d and ns orbitals, transition metals can use both for bonding, leading to multiple oxidation states. F

The steady decrease in atomic

The steady decrease in atomic and ionic radii across the lanthanide series due to poor shielding by 4f electrons. This causes elements like zirconium

Transition metal ions are often colored

Transition metal ions are often colored due to d-d transitions when light is absorbed. They also show paramagnetism when unpaired electrons are presen

Transition metals act as catalysts due

Transition metals act as catalysts due to variable oxidation states and form complexes because of small size, high charge, and vacant d-orbitals. Exam