Attention and Perception
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Psychology
Complete topic list for Attention and Perception in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Psychology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Attention and Perception
Meaning and Functions of Attention
- Attention is the process of focusing on one stimulus among many.
- It involves alertness, vigilance (sustained attention), and active search.
- William James defined attention as the focusing of consciousness on a particular object.
Types of Attention
- Selective Attention: Choosing one stimulus among many (e.g., watching TV while mother speaks).
- Divided Attention: Doing multiple tasks at once (e.g., talking while driving).
- Sustained Attention: Focusing for long periods (e.g., studying for exams).
Determinants of Attention
- Objective (external) factors: Novelty, size, intensity, movement, duration, repetition, complexity, contrast.
- Subjective (internal) factors: Interest, motives, mindset, mood, past experience, goals, readiness.
- Bright, moving, or new things attract attention automatically.
Span of Attention and Strategies to Improve It
- Span of attention: Number of items (digits/letters) a person can grasp at once — typically 7±2.
- Measured using Tachistoscope.
- Attention span (duration) has decreased to about 8.25 seconds due to technology.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Attention and Perception
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