Learning — Syllabus
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Psychology
What Learning covers in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Psychology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Topics include Meaning and Nature.
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Topics in Learning
Meaning and Nature of Learning
- Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior due to practice or experience.
- It excludes temporary changes caused by fatigue, illness, or maturation.
- Learning is a continuous process throughout life.
Learning Curve
- A learning curve is a graphical representation of learning performance over time or practice trials.
- Four types of learning curves: Diminishing Returns, Increasing Returns, S-Curve, and Complex Curve.
- Diminishing Returns: Fast initial learning, then slows down (e.g., learning a mobile game).
Types of Learning
- Concept Learning: Identifying and grouping objects based on shared features (e.g., recognizing animals).
- Skill Learning: Involves three stages — Cognitive (understanding), Associative (practicing), Autonomous (automatic performance).
- Cognitive Learning: Acquiring knowledge and using it appropriately (e.g., solving case studies).
Factors Influencing Learning
- Maturation: Biological readiness affects learning (e.g., walking after muscle development).
- Reinforcement: Increases the likelihood of a behavior (e.g., praise for good work).
- Motivation: Internal drive enhances learning effectiveness.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Learning
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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