Cellular Organelles
CBSE · Class 11 · Biotechnology
Summary of Cellular Organelles for CBSE Class 11 Biotechnology. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Cellular organelles are specialised structures inside cells that perform specific functions needed for life. Prokaryotic cells lack an organised nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus and many membranous organelles. The plasma membrane, cell wall, e
Key Concepts
The plasma membrane forms the boundary
The plasma membrane forms the boundary of the cytoplasm and is selectively permeable. The Fluid Mosaic Model proposed by Seymour Jonathan Singer and G
Small molecules may move passively by
Small molecules may move passively by diffusion and osmosis. Facilitated movement uses carrier proteins or channel proteins. Active transport needs AT
The cell wall is found
The cell wall is found in bacteria, algae, fungi, and higher plants, but not in animal cells. Bacterial cell wall is made of polysaccharide chains cro
The endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic
The endomembrane system includes the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi complex, lysosomes, and vacuoles. These organelles work together in synthesis, modif
ER is present only in eukaryotic
ER is present only in eukaryotic cells. Rough ER has ribosomes on its cytosolic surface and helps in protein synthesis and transport. Smooth ER lacks
Learning Objectives
- Understand the basic difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell organisation.
- Describe the structure and functions of the plasma membrane and cell wall.
- Explain the endomembrane system and the roles of ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and vacuoles.
- Recognise the structure and function of mitochondria, plastids, ribosomes, microbodies, cytoskeleton, cilia and flagella, centrosome and centrioles, nucleus, and chromosomes.
- Relate the structure of organelles to their functions in the cell.
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Sources & Official References
- NCERT Official — ncert.nic.in
- CBSE Academic — cbseacademic.nic.in
- CBSE Official — cbse.gov.in
- National Education Policy 2020 — education.gov.in
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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