Nervous System — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 10 · Biology
Summary of Nervous System for ICSE Class 10 Biology. Key concepts: A neuron, The soma and Dendrites are fibre. Part of the ICSE Class 10 Biology syllabus.
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The nervous system is the main control system of the body. It coordinates the activities of different organs by carrying electrical impulses and controls both voluntary and involuntary actions. Its basic unit is the neuron, a specialised cell adapted to transmit information rapidly.
Key Concepts
A neuron
A neuron, also called a nerve cell, is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons number over a trillion in man. Each neu
The soma
The soma, also called cyton or cell body, is the star-shaped main body of the neuron. It contains a large centrally placed nucleus and Nissl's granule
Dendrites are fibre
Dendrites are fibre-like branches extending from the cyton. They receive impulses and carry them towards the cell body.
The axon is a long fibre
The axon is a long fibre-like part extending from the cyton. It is mostly covered by a myelin sheath, interrupted by Nodes of Ranvier, and ends in axo
The myelin sheath is not
The myelin sheath is not a part of the neuron. It is secreted by Schwann cells, which remain attached to it. The sheath protects the axon and speeds u
Learning Objectives
- Understand the role of the nervous system as the body's control system
- Describe the structure and types of neurons
- Explain how nerve impulses travel along neurons
- Define synapse, ganglia and nerves
- Differentiate between central, peripheral, somatic and autonomic nervous systems
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Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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