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Nervous System — Revision Notes

ICSE · Class 10 · Biology

Nervous System revision notes for ICSE Class 10 Biology: 4 topics in quick points. Key terms: A neuron, The soma and Dendrites are fibre.

45 questions45 flashcards5 concepts

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A labeled diagram of the human vertebral column, showing the different regions (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal) and the number of vertebrae in each, including fused bones.
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Key Topics to Revise

1

1. Neuron: Structure and Types

  • Neurons number over a trillion in man.
  • A neuron has four main parts: soma, dendrites, axon, and axon terminals.
  • The soma is also called cyton or cell body. It is star-shaped and contains a large centrally placed nucleus.
2

2. Nerve Impulse and Synapse

  • The message transmitted by the axon is called a nerve impulse.
  • Nerve impulse transmission is an electrical phenomenon.
  • When there is no impulse, the axon membrane is positively charged outside and negatively charged inside. This is called polarization.
3

3. Nerves, Ganglia, and Divisions of the Nervous System

  • A nerve is a bundle of axons enclosed within a common sheath.
  • Nerves are classified as sensory nerves, motor nerves, and mixed nerves.
  • Sensory nerves contain only sensory neurons and carry impulses from receptors to the brain or spinal cord.
4

4. Brain: Main Parts and Functions

  • The adult human brain weighs about 1.3 kg and is enclosed in the cranium.
  • The brain is surrounded by three protective membranes called meninges: dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.
  • The space between the pia mater and arachnoid mater is filled with cerebro-spinal fluid.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

A neuronThe somaDendrites are fibreThe axon is a long fibreThe myelin sheath is not

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Nervous System for ICSE Class 10 Biology?
Key topics in Nervous System include Neuron: Structure and Types, Nerve Impulse and Synapse, Nerves, Ganglia, and Divisions of the Nervous System, Brain: Main Parts and Functions. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Nervous System for the ICSE Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 45 practice questions on Nervous System. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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