The Living World
ICSE · Class 11 · Biology
Complete topic list for The Living World in ICSE Class 11 Biology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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1. Nature of Living Organisms
- Living organisms are self-replicating, evolving and self-regulating interactive systems capable of responding to external stimuli.
- Living substance is made of macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and polysaccharides, along with smaller organic and inorganic molecules.
- All living forms show certain characteristics, but not every characteristic is defining for all living beings.
2. Classification, Taxonomy and Systematics
- Classification groups living organisms into identifiable groups or categories based on observable characters.
- Taxa is the scientific term for categories used in classification.
- Classification helps organize the huge diversity of plants and animals, makes identification easier, shows evolutionary relationships, helps interpret fossils, and allows comparison of unknown organis
3. Concept of Species
- Species is a natural population of individuals which resemble one another in all essential morphological and reproductive characters.
- Members of a species can interbreed freely and produce fertile offspring.
- Species are the basic units of classification.
4. Binomial Nomenclature
- The binomial system of nomenclature was first introduced in 1753 by Carl von Linne, known as Linnaeus, in Systema Naturae.
- A scientific name has two Latin or Latinised words: the first is the generic name and the second is the specific epithet.
- The generic name begins with a capital letter; the specific epithet begins with a lowercase letter.
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