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Excretory Products and Their Elimination — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 11 · Biology

What Excretory Products and Their Elimination covers in ICSE Class 11 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

56 questions58 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic comparing ammonia, urea, and uric acid based on their relative toxicity and the amount of water required for their excretion.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 11 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Excretory Products and Their Elimination

1

1. Nitrogenous Waste and Modes of Excretion

  • Major nitrogenous excretory products are ammonia, urea, uric acid, creatine, creatinine, trimethylamine oxide, and guanine.
  • Ammonia is highly toxic, highly soluble, and needs much water for elimination.
  • Urea is less toxic than ammonia but still needs to be diluted for elimination from the body.
2

2. Human Excretory System: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra

  • The human excretory system consists of two kidneys, two ureters, a urinary bladder, and a urethra.
  • The two kidneys each weigh about 150 g in an adult human.
  • Each kidney measures about 10-12 cm long, 5-7 cm broad, and 2-3 cm thick.
3

3. Nephron and Renal Corpuscle

  • There are about 1.2 million nephrons in a human kidney.
  • The nephron is the functional and excretory unit of the kidney.
  • A nephron has two main parts: the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule.
4

4. Urine Formation: Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion

  • Urine formation occurs in three steps: glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion.
  • Glomerular filtration is the filtration of blood in the glomerulus to form a protein-free filtrate.
  • About 1100-1200 ml of blood is filtered by the kidneys per minute.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Excretion and osmoregulation in humans and other animals

Nitrogen excretionHuman excretory systemKidney structureNephronUrine formationCounter current mechanismRegulation of kidney functionOsmoregulation

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Excretory Products and Their Elimination for ICSE Class 11 Biology?
Key topics in Excretory Products and Their Elimination include Nitrogenous Waste and Modes of Excretion, Human Excretory System: Kidney, Ureter, Bladder, Urethra, Nephron and Renal Corpuscle, Urine Formation: Filtration, Reabsorption, Secretion. Study these first, then practise questions on each for Class 11 exams.
How should I revise Excretory Products and Their Elimination for Class 11 exams?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 56 practice questions on Excretory Products and Their Elimination. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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