Biotechnology and its Applications
ICSE · Class 12 · Biology
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Restriction enzymes are also called "molecular scissors" because they:
EcoRI is a restriction enzyme obtained from which organism?
PCR stands for:
Who developed the PCR technique?
Sample Questions
Which DNA polymerase is used in PCR because it can withstand high temperatures?
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Taq polymerase
Taq polymerase (from Thermus aquaticus, a thermophilic bacterium) is heat-stable and remains active at 72°C extension temperatures and withstands the 94-95°C denaturation step.
pBR322 is an example of which type of cloning vector?
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Plasmid vector
pBR322 is one of the first widely used plasmid cloning vectors. It contains ampicillin and tetracycline resistance genes used for selection of recombinants.
Ti plasmid, used as a vector in plant genetic engineering, is found in:
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Agrobacterium tumefaciens
Agrobacterium tumefaciens is a soil bacterium that naturally transfers its Ti (tumour-inducing) plasmid DNA into plant cells. Scientists exploit this to deliver foreign genes into plant cells.
In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments migrate towards which electrode?
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Positive electrode (anode)
DNA is negatively charged (due to phosphate groups). In an electric field, negatively charged DNA migrates towards the positive electrode (anode).
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