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Syllabus

Biotechnology and its Applications — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 12 · Biology

What Biotechnology and its Applications covers in ICSE Class 12 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 12 Biology syllabus.

60 questions38 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic illustrating the diverse applications of biotechnology, including therapeutics, diagnostics, genetically modified crops for agriculture, bioremediation, and waste treatment.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 12 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Biotechnology and its Applications

1

1. Biotechnology in Agriculture

  • Food grain production almost tripled due to the Green Revolution, but it was still not enough for the growing population.
  • Genetically modified crops are made by inserting desired gene(s) into plant cells using genetic engineering.
  • Transgenic crop techniques allow transfer of any gene from any organism, including chemically synthesised genes.
2

2. Bt Cotton and Cry Proteins

  • Bacillus thuringiensis is a soil bacterium that produces an insecticidal Cry protein or Bt toxin.
  • The gene that produces the lethal protein is cloned from the bacterium and transferred into cotton to produce Bt cotton.
  • Bt cotton is resistant to insect larvae.
3

3. Pest-Resistant Plants and RNA Interference

  • Crop plants are damaged not only by insect pests but also by nematode parasites.
  • Meloidogyne incognita is a nematode parasite that infests tobacco roots.
  • RNA interference or RNAi was used to make tobacco resistant to Meloidogyne incognita.
4

4. Biotechnology in Health and Medicine

  • Biotechnology helps in production of safe therapeutic drugs, vaccines, growth hormones, diagnosis of disease, gene therapy, and powerful vaccines.
  • About 30 recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use throughout the world.
  • In India, 12 recombinant therapeutics are presently being marketed.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Biotechnology and its applications in agriculture, health, medicine, and ethics

Applications in agricultureApplications in health and medicineTransgenic animalsBiosafety and ethicsCore biotechnology methods

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Biotechnology and its Applications for ICSE Class 12 Biology?
Key topics in Biotechnology and its Applications include Biotechnology in Agriculture, Bt Cotton and Cry Proteins, Pest-Resistant Plants and RNA Interference, Biotechnology in Health and Medicine. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Biotechnology and its Applications for the ICSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 60 practice questions on Biotechnology and its Applications. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All ICSE Class 12 Biology Syllabus

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