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Biomolecules — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 12 · Chemistry

What Biomolecules covers in ICSE Class 12 Chemistry: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 12 Chemistry syllabus.

104 questions42 flashcards16 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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4 Topics · ICSE Class 12 Chemistry · 2026-27

Topics in Biomolecules

1

1. Biomolecules and Carbohydrates

  • Biomolecules are complex lifeless organic substances that form the basis of life and are responsible for growth and maintenance of living systems.
  • Carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones, or large polymeric molecules which on hydrolysis yield polyhydroxy aldehydes and polyhydroxy ketones.
  • General formula of carbohydrates is Cx(H2O)y, where x and y are integers and may be the same or different.
2

2. Important Monosaccharides: Glucose and Fructose

  • Naturally occurring glucose is α-D-glucose.
  • Glucose is an aldohexose with formula C6H12O6.
  • Glucose is a colourless crystalline solid with melting point 419 K.
3

3. Disaccharides: Sucrose, Maltose, and Lactose

  • Disaccharides give two monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
  • Sucrose, maltose, and lactose all have molecular formula C12H22O11.
  • Disaccharides are formed by condensation between two monosaccharides with elimination of water.
4

4. Polysaccharides: Starch, Cellulose, and Glycogen

  • Polysaccharides give a large number of monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.
  • Polysaccharides are condensation polymers with formula (C6H10O5)n.
  • Starch is the main storage polysaccharide of plants.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Biomolecules

CarbohydratesProteinsEnzymesHormonesNucleic AcidsVitaminsCellular Energetics

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Biomolecules for ICSE Class 12 Chemistry?
Key topics in Biomolecules include Biomolecules and Carbohydrates, Important Monosaccharides: Glucose and Fructose, Disaccharides: Sucrose, Maltose, and Lactose, Polysaccharides: Starch, Cellulose, and Glycogen. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Biomolecules for the ICSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 104 practice questions on Biomolecules. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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