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Solutions

ICSE · Class 12 · Chemistry

Complete topic list for Solutions in ICSE Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.

100 questions40 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic illustrating different types of solutions based on the physical state of solute and solvent, including gaseous, liquid, and solid solutions, with common examples for each.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 12 Chemistry

Topics in Solutions

1

1. Basics of Solutions and Types

  • A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances is called a solution.
  • A solution may exist in solid, liquid, or gaseous form.
  • The component present in excess and having the same physical state as the solution is the solvent.
2

2. Concentration Units

  • Mass percentage means grams of solute per 100 g of solution.
  • Volume percentage means volume of solute per 100 units of solution volume.
  • ppm is used for very dilute solutions and gaseous pollutants.
3

3. Gas Solubility and Henry's Law

  • Gases like H2, N2, and O2 are only slightly soluble in water.
  • CO2, NH3, and HCl are highly soluble gases and react chemically with water.
  • Gas dissolution in liquid is exothermic.
4

4. Vapour Pressure and Raoult's Law

  • A liquid in a closed container reaches dynamic equilibrium between evaporation and condensation.
  • Vapour pressure is the pressure exerted by vapour of a liquid at a particular temperature in equilibrium with the liquid.
  • Liquids with weaker intermolecular forces have higher vapour pressure.

Key Concepts

Central concept: A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, and its behaviour depends on composition, concentration, solubility, vapour pressure, colligative properties, osmosis, and association or dissociation of solute particles.

Nature of solutionsConcentration unitsRelations among concentration unitsSolutions of gases in liquidsSolutions of solids in liquidsSolid solutionsVapour pressure of solutionsIdeal and non-ideal solutions

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Solutions for ICSE Class 12 Chemistry?
Key topics in Solutions include Solutions: Complete Concept Map, Complete Overview of Solutions Chapter, A pie chart showing the relative abundance of different solution types commonly encountered. These are the concepts ICSE Class 12 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Solutions — ICSE Class 12 Chemistry?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 100 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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