Salient Features of the Constitution-I
ICSE · Class 9 · History & Civics
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Single Citizenship and Universal Adult Franchise
- India follows single citizenship, which means all Indians are citizens of India, no matter which state they live in.
- This is different from the USA, where a person can have citizenship of a state as well as the country.
- Single citizenship promotes unity, fraternity, and national integration.
Fundamental Rights and Their Classification
- Fundamental Rights are basic human rights needed for the full development of a person.
- They protect people from unfair discrimination.
- They are given in Part III of the Constitution.
Right to Equality
- Article 14 guarantees equality before law and equal protection by law.
- Equality before law means no one is above the law.
- Equal protection by law means the law should treat equals equally.
Right to Freedom, Privacy, and Protection in Criminal Law
- Article 19 guarantees six basic freedoms.
- The six freedoms are speech and expression, peaceful assembly without arms, forming associations and unions, moving freely throughout India, residing and settling in any part of India, and practising
- There is no separate provision for freedom of the Press; it is included in freedom of expression.
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