Salient Features of the Constitution-I
ICSE · Class 9 · History & Civics
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See them allKey Topics to Revise
Single Citizenship
- All Indians are citizens of India only, not of individual states
- Unlike USA's dual citizenship system, India has single citizenship
- Promotes national unity and prevents separatist tendencies
Universal Adult Franchise
- All citizens aged 18 and above can vote regardless of caste, color, religion
- Replaced British communal electorate system with joint electorate
- Seats reserved for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Fundamental Rights - Overview and Right to Equality
- Basic human rights in Part III of Constitution (Articles 12-35)
- Seven categories of Fundamental Rights
- Justiciable rights - can approach courts for enforcement
Right to Freedom and Other Fundamental Rights
- Right to Freedom: Articles 19-22 covering six basic freedoms
- Freedom of speech, assembly, association, movement, residence, profession
- Right to Privacy declared fundamental right in 2017
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