The Modern Age in Europe (A) Renaissance
ICSE · Class 9 · History & Civics
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Meaning and Features of the Renaissance
- Renaissance means rebirth or revival.
- It was a transitional movement between medieval and modern Europe.
- It revived the study of ancient Greek and Roman classics.
Causes of the Renaissance
- Capture of Constantinople in 1453 forced Greek and Roman scholars to move to Rome and other parts of Europe with their manuscripts.
- Constantinople was the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and a centre of Greek and Roman cultures.
- Decline of feudalism created more freedom and helped new ideas grow.
New Trade Routes and Exploration
- Prince Henry the Navigator of Portugal discovered a sea route to Africa.
- Bartholomew Diaz reached the Cape of Good Hope, the southernmost point of Africa.
- Columbus discovered America in 1492.
Spirit of Enquiry and Development of Science
- During the Middle Ages, the Church controlled thought and people depended heavily on faith.
- Renaissance thinkers encouraged reason, observation and experimentation.
- Roger Bacon, Abelard and Thomas Aquinas are called forerunners of Renaissance.
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