The Union Government

543

Step 1: The current total number of Lok Sabha seats is 543. Step 2: Before 2020, there were 545 seats (543 elected + 2 nominated Anglo-Indian members). Step 3: The 104th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2020 discontinued the nomination of Anglo-Indian members. Step 4: Out of 543 seats, 84 are reserved for Scheduled Castes and 47 for Scheduled Tribes, ensuring representation for these communities.

Article 352

Step 1: Article 352 deals with National Emergency, declared when there's threat to security due to external attack or internal disturbance. Step 2: Article 356 covers State Emergency (President's Rule) when state government cannot function according to constitutional principles. Step 3: Article 360 deals with Financial Emergency when the country's financial situation deteriorates significantly. Step 4: Article 368 is about constitutional amendments, making it incorrect for emergency provisions.

Chief Justice of Supreme Court

Step 1: The Chief Justice of the Supreme Court administers the oath of office to the President. Step 2: This ensures judicial oversight and maintains the separation of powers principle in the Constitution. Step 3: The oath ceremony typically takes place at Rashtrapati Bhavan in the presence of various dignitaries. Step 4: The Prime Minister, Vice-President, and Speaker have different roles but don't administer the Presidential oath, making these options incorrect.

12

Step 1: The President nominates 12 members to the Rajya Sabha from various fields of expertise. Step 2: These nominations are made for people with distinguished service in literature, art, science, and social work. Step 3: This provision ensures that experts and accomplished individuals can contribute to parliamentary discussions without electoral politics. Step 4: The remaining 238 members are elected by State Assemblies and Union Territories, making the total 250 members.