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Periodic Classification of Element

Maharashtra Board · Class 10 · Science

Quick revision notes for Periodic Classification of Element — Maharashtra Board Class 10 Science. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

45 questions22 flashcards5 concepts

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Key Topics to Revise

1

Early Classification Methods

  • Initially, elements were classified into metals, non-metals, and metalloids based on physical and chemical properties
  • Dobereiner's Triads (1817): Groups of three elements with similar properties where atomic mass of middle element equals average of other two
  • Examples of triads: Li-Na-K, Ca-Sr-Ba, Cl-Br-I
2

Mendeleev's Periodic Table

  • Developed by Dmitri Mendeleev (1869-1872) based on atomic masses and properties
  • Periodic Law: Properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic masses
  • Arranged 63 known elements in increasing order of atomic mass
3

Modern Periodic Table

  • Based on Henry Moseley's work (1913) on atomic numbers and X-ray studies
  • Modern Periodic Law: Properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers
  • Contains 7 periods (horizontal rows) and 18 groups (vertical columns)
4

Periodic Trends

  • Valency: Determined by valence electrons, varies 1-4 across period then decreases
  • Atomic size: Decreases left to right in period (increased nuclear charge), increases down group (additional shells)
  • Metallic character: Decreases left to right in period, increases down group

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

German scientist Dobereiner (1817) grouped elementsEnglish scientist John Newlands (1866) arrangedRussian scientist Dmitri Mendeleev (1869Henry Moseley (1913) discovered that atomicThe modern periodic table has 7

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