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Nucle — Syllabus

Madhya Pradesh Board · Class 12 · Physics

What Nucle covers in Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Physics: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Physics syllabus.

93 questions64 flashcards14 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A graph showing the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass number, highlighting regions of stability, and explaining nuclear fission and fusion processes.
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4 Topics · Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Physics · 2026-27

Topics in Nucle

1

1. Basic structure of the nucleus

  • An atom has a small, dense, positively charged nucleus at its centre.
  • The radius of a nucleus is about 10^4 times smaller than the radius of an atom.
  • The volume of a nucleus is about 10^-12 times the volume of the atom.
2

2. Atomic masses, isotopes, isobars, and isotones

  • Atomic masses are measured in atomic mass unit, u, because kilogram is too large for atomic-scale masses.
  • 1 u is defined as 1/12 of the mass of one 12C atom.
  • Atomic masses of many elements are close to integral multiples of hydrogen mass, but chlorine is a notable exception with atomic mass 35.46 u.
3

3. Discovery of neutron and neutron properties

  • James Chadwick verified the existence of the neutron in 1932 by bombarding beryllium nuclei with alpha-particles.
  • Chadwick was awarded the 1935 Nobel Prize in Physics for the discovery of the neutron.
  • A free neutron is unstable and decays into a proton, an electron, and an antineutrino.
4

4. Nuclear size and density

  • Rutherford established the existence of the atomic nucleus through alpha-particle scattering.
  • Geiger and Marsden performed the classic alpha-particle scattering experiment on thin gold foils.
  • For a 5.5 MeV alpha particle, the distance of closest approach to gold nucleus is about 4.0 × 10^-14 m.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Nucleus, nuclear properties, and nuclear phenomena

Atomic mass unitComposition of nucleusIsotopes, isobars, isotonesSize of nucleusMass defect and binding energyNuclear forceRadioactivityNuclear energy

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Nucle for Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 Physics?
Key topics in Nucle include Basic structure of the nucleus, Atomic masses, isotopes, isobars, and isotones, Discovery of neutron and neutron properties, Nuclear size and density. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Nucle for the Madhya Pradesh Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 93 practice questions on Nucle. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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