Is Matter Around us Pure?
Punjab Board · Class 9 · Science
Complete topic list for Is Matter Around us Pure? in Punjab Board Class 9 Science. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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1. Pure Substances vs Mixtures — The Basics
- A PURE SUBSTANCE contains only one kind of particle and has a definite, fixed composition throughout. Examples: distilled water, pure gold, common salt (NaCl), oxygen gas.
- A MIXTURE contains two or more pure substances mixed together in any proportion. Examples: sea water, soil, air, lemonade, milk.
- The components of a mixture retain their individual properties.
2. Types of Mixtures — Homogeneous and Heterogeneous
- HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES have a uniform composition throughout — you cannot see the individual components. Example: salt solution, sugar solution, air, alloys.
- HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURES have a non-uniform composition — you can often see the distinct parts. Example: sand and salt mixture, oil and water, soil.
- In a homogeneous mixture, the components are uniformly distributed at the particle level.
3. Solutions — Properties and Concentration
- A SOLUTION is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances.
- SOLVENT is the component present in larger quantity that dissolves the other substance. Example: water in salt water.
- SOLUTE is the component present in smaller quantity that gets dissolved. Example: salt in salt water.
4. Suspension — Properties and Examples
- A SUSPENSION is a heterogeneous mixture in which the solute particles do NOT dissolve but remain suspended in the medium.
- Particle size in a suspension is LARGER than 1000 nm (greater than 1 micrometer) — particles are VISIBLE to the naked eye.
- Suspension particles SCATTER light — the path of light beam IS visible (shows Tyndall effect).
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