Acids, Bases and Salts — Flashcards
Telangana Board · Class 10 · Physical Sciences
45 flashcards for Acids, Bases and Salts (Telangana Board Class 10 Physical Sciences) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is the colour of litmus in a neutral solution?
Answer
Litmus is purple in a neutral solution. It turns red in acids and blue in bases.
Why does blue litmus turn red in an acid?
Answer
Acids produce hydronium ions in water. These ions change the colour of blue litmus to red, so litmus acts as an acid-base indicator.
What are natural acid-base indicators?
Answer
Natural acid-base indicators are substances like litmus, red cabbage extract, turmeric solution, and coloured flower petal extracts. They change colour in acidic or basic solutions.
How do phenolphthalein and methyl orange behave in acids and bases?
Answer
Phenolphthalein is colourless in acidic solution and pink in basic solution. Methyl orange is a synthetic indicator used to test acids and bases.
Why are onion, vanilla essence, and clove oil called olfactory indicators?
Answer
Their smell changes in acidic or basic media. Indicators that show a change in odour are called olfactory indicators.
What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc?
Answer
Hydrogen gas is evolved with a pop sound, and zinc chloride is formed. The reaction is: 2 HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g).
Why is hydrogen gas usually formed when an acid reacts with a metal?
Answer
Acids react with metals to form a salt and hydrogen gas. The general reaction is: Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen.
What happens when zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide solution?
Answer
Zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide to form sodium zincate and hydrogen gas. The reaction is: 2 NaOH(aq) + Zn(s) → Na2ZnO2(aq) + H2(g)↑.
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