Electromagnetism

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A magnetic field is the region around a magnet where a magnetic force can be detected. It is characterized by both strength and direction, and can be visualized using magnetic field lines. The field e…

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Magnetic field lines always emerge from the North pole and enter the South pole of a magnet. Outside the magnet, the field lines go from North to South, while inside the magnet, they complete the loop…

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Magnetic flux (Φ) represents the number of magnetic field lines passing through a given area perpendicular to the field. It is calculated as Φ = B × A × cos θ, where B is magnetic flux density, A is t…

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Hans Christian Oersted discovered in 1820 that a current-carrying wire produces a magnetic field around it. When he placed a compass needle near a wire carrying electric current, the needle deflected,…

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Use the Right Hand Thumb Rule: If you grasp the current-carrying wire with your right hand such that your thumb points in the direction of current flow, then your curled fingers show the direction of …

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The magnetic field around a circular coil forms concentric circles near the wire. At the center of the coil, the field is uniform and perpendicular to the plane of the coil. The direction is determine…

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A solenoid is a long coil of wire wound in a close-packed helix. When current flows through it, it behaves like a bar magnet with distinct North and South poles. The magnetic field inside is uniform a…

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The magnetic force on a moving charge is given by: F = q × v × B × sin θ, where F is the magnetic force, q is the charge, v is the velocity of the charge, B is the magnetic field strength, and θ is th…