Chemical Equations

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A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical change using chemical symbols and formulae. It shows the reactants on the left side and products on the right side, separated by an arr…

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Reactants are the substances that undergo chemical change in a reaction and are written on the left side of the arrow. Products are the new substances formed as a result of the chemical reaction and a…

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A word equation is a chemical reaction written using the names of substances instead of chemical formulae. Example: calcium oxide + water → calcium hydroxide. It shows the change of reactants to produ…

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A skeleton equation is an unbalanced chemical equation containing only the molecular formulae of reactants and products without proper coefficients. Example: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O (unbalanced). It shows the s…

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A balanced chemical equation is one in which the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side equals the number of atoms of the same element on the product side. This follows the law of conser…

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Chemical equations must be balanced because atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions (Law of Conservation of Mass). The total mass of reactants must equal the total mass of produc…

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C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O Steps: (1) Balance carbon: 3CO₂ (2) Balance hydrogen: 4H₂O (3) Balance oxygen: 5O₂ (4) Check: Left side has 3C, 8H, 10O; Right side has 3C, 8H, 10O ✓…

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(s) = solid state, (l) = liquid state, (g) = gaseous state, (aq) = aqueous solution (dissolved in water). Example: CaO(s) + H₂O(l) → Ca(OH)₂(aq)…