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Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces

Telangana Board · Class 10 · Physical Sciences

Flashcards for Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces — Telangana Board Class 10 Physical Sciences. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.

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Card 1Curved surface terminology

What is the centre of curvature of a curved surface?

Answer

The centre of the sphere, of which the curved surface is a part, is called the centre of curvature and it is denoted by C. Any line drawn from the centre of curvature to a point on the curved surface

Card 2Curved surface terminology

What is the pole of a curved surface and what is the principal axis?

Answer

The centre of the curved surface is called the pole, denoted by P. The line that joins the centre of curvature and the pole is called the principal axis. For a lens, the principal axis joins the two c

Card 3Refraction rules

How do rays bend at a curved surface when they move from a rarer medium to a denser medium or from a denser medium to a rarer medium?

Answer

A ray bends towards the normal when it travels from a rarer medium to a denser medium. It bends away from the normal when it travels from a denser medium to a rarer medium. This is the same refraction

Card 4Refraction rules

Why does a ray passing along the principal axis not deviate at a curved surface?

Answer

A ray travelling along the principal axis or through the centre of curvature travels along the normal to the surface. According to Snell's law, a ray along the normal does not deviate from its path.

Card 5Ray approximation

What is a paraxial ray?

Answer

A paraxial ray is a ray that moves very close to the principal axis. Such rays are treated as parallel and the angles they make are very small. This small-angle treatment is called the paraxial approx

Card 6Core formula

State Snell's law used for refraction at a curved surface.

Answer

Snell's law is n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2, where n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the first and second medium, and θ1 and θ2 are the angles of incidence and refraction.

Card 7Refraction rules

A ray enters water from air at a curved surface. What happens to its direction?

Answer

Since air is a rarer medium and water is denser, the ray bends towards the normal. This is why light paths change direction when they enter water through a curved surface.

Card 8Core formula

What is the formula for refraction at a spherical surface?

Answer

The formula is n2/v - n1/u = (n2 - n1)/R, where n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of the first and second medium, u is the object distance, v is the image distance, and R is the radius of curvature

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Refraction of Light at Curved Surfaces covers several key topics that are frequently asked in Telangana Board Class 10 board exams. Focus on the core concepts listed on this page and practise related questions to build confidence.
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