Carbon and its Compounds — Flashcards

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Carbon has atomic number 6. Its ground state electronic configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p².

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Carbon has low electronegativity and only six protons in its nucleus. It cannot easily form C4- ions, and C4+ formation also requires huge energy. So carbon satisfies its tetravalency by sharing elect…

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Tetravalency means carbon has valency 4. One carbon atom can form four covalent bonds by sharing four electrons with other atoms.

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Carbon is called versatile because it forms the largest number of compounds, shows catenation, and can form single, double, and triple bonds.

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Catenation is the property of an element to form bonds with its own atoms to make long chains or rings. Carbon shows this property very strongly.

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Carbon forms stable covalent bonds with itself and with many other elements such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, phosphorus, and halogens. Its catenation and tetravalency make it the basis of …

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Hybridisation is the redistribution of orbitals of almost equal energy in an atom to give the same number of new orbitals with identical energy and shape.

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Linus Pauling introduced the concept of hybridisation in 1931.