India: Relief Features

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Relief features are the physical features of the Earth’s surface, such as mountains, plains, plateaus, deserts, coastal plains and islands. They decide how people live, farm, travel and build settleme…

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India has mountains, plains, plateaus, deserts, coastal plains and islands. These landforms are very different from one another, so the country shows great variety in height, slope, climate and natura…

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The Standard Meridian of India is 82°30' E. It passes near Allahabad and is used as the reference for Indian Standard Time. Indian Standard Time is 5½ hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time.

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It gives one common time for the whole country. Without a standard meridian, different places in India would have different local times because India extends over a long east-west distance.

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World landforms originated from two giant ancient landmasses: Angara land, also called Laurasia, and Gondwana land. The Indian peninsula was once part of Gondwana land.

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Over 20 crore years ago, Gondwana land split into pieces. The peninsular Indian plate moved north-east and collided with the Eurasian Plate. Strong compression folded the crust and formed the Himalaya…

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The northern plains were formed when the basin between the Indian plate and the Himalayas slowly filled with sediments brought by the Himalayan rivers and peninsular rivers. This created a broad, flat…

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The Himalayas have three parallel ranges: Himadri, Himachal or Middle or Lower Himalayas, and Shiwalik. These ranges run in parallel belts and differ in height, width and features.