National Movement in India–Partition & Independence : 1939-1947

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The Congress ministries resigned in protest because Britain involved India in the Second World War without asking Indian leaders and refused to promise complete freedom after the war.

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It was a law that gave provinces the right to hold elections and form governments. However, voting rights were very limited, with only about 12% of people able to vote for provincial assemblies and ab…

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Congress won in most provinces and formed ministries in 8 out of 11 provinces. It also won 26 of the 58 Muslim seats it contested, showing that it was active beyond only Hindu constituencies.

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The Muslim League was formed in 1906 and initially represented Muslim landlords of UP. It had little mass support in the 1930s, won only 102 of the 482 Muslim seats in 1937, and got only 4.4% of the t…

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Congress banned dual membership from 1938 after objections from Muslim Congress leaders like Maulana Azad. This was done to reduce the impression that Congress leaders were also connected with a Hindu…

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The Hindu Mahasabha and the RSS were two distinct organisations that mobilised Hindus during this period. They aimed to unite Hindus, reduce caste divisions, and promote the idea that India was a land…

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From 1942 to 1945, most Congress leaders were in jail. This gave the Muslim League time and space to build its support among the people and become more influential in Muslim politics.

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The name Pakistan was coined by Choudhry Rehmat Ali, a Punjabi Muslim student at Cambridge, in pamphlets written between 1933 and 1935. His idea was not taken seriously at that time by the League and …