Chapter 10 of 10
Syllabus
Applications of Biotechnology — Syllabus
Tamil Nadu Board · Class 12 · Zoology
What Applications of Biotechnology covers in Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.
45 questions25 flashcards5 concepts
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4 Topics · Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology · 2026-27
Topics in Applications of Biotechnology
1
10.1 Applications in Medicine - Recombinant Insulin Production
- Insulin is a 51-amino acid hormone produced by β cells of Islets of Langerhans in pancreas
- Insulin consists of two polypeptide chains: Chain A (21 amino acids) and Chain B (30 amino acids) linked by disulfide bonds
- Normal insulin from pig and cow pancreas caused allergic reactions due to structural differences
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10.1.2 Human Alpha Lactalbumin and Transgenic Animals
- Alpha lactalbumin is a 123-amino acid protein with 4 disulfide bridges and molecular weight of 14178 Da
- Most abundant protein in human milk (25% of total protein), synthesized by mammary glands
- Binds calcium and zinc ions, possesses bactericidal and anti-tumor activities
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10.1.3 Interferons - Antiviral Proteins
- Interferons are proteinaceous, antiviral, species-specific substances produced by mammalian cells infected with viruses
- Discovered by Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindemann in 1957
- Classified as α (alpha), β (beta), and γ (gamma) interferons based on structure
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10.1.4 Recombinant Vaccines and Vaccine Technology
- Recombinant vaccines overcome limitations of traditional vaccine production methods
- Uniform quality with less side effects compared to conventional vaccines
- Three main types: subunit recombinant vaccines, attenuated recombinant vaccines, and DNA vaccines
Key Concepts
Insulin is a 51Alpha lactalbumin is a 123Interferons are antiviral proteins produced byModern vaccines produced through rDNA technologyGene therapy treats hereditary diseases by
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What are the important topics in Applications of Biotechnology for Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 Zoology?
Key topics in Applications of Biotechnology include 1 Applications in Medicine - Recombinant Insulin Production, 1.2 Human Alpha Lactalbumin and Transgenic Animals, 1.3 Interferons - Antiviral Proteins, 1.4 Recombinant Vaccines and Vaccine Technology. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Applications of Biotechnology for the Tamil Nadu Board Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 45 practice questions on Applications of Biotechnology. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
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