Standards and Standardization
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Community Science (Home Science)
Quick revision notes for Standards and Standardization — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Community Science (Home Science). Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
1. What is Standardization?
- Standardization means making products or services conform to a set of agreed-upon rules or standards for quality, safety, and performance.
- It ensures uniformity, reliability, and safety of products in the market.
- Helps consumers identify genuine, safe, and high-quality products.
2. Important Certification Marks
- Agmark: For agricultural and processed food items like pulses, oil, ghee, honey, and spices.
- ISI Mark: For industrial and electrical goods like cement, steel, LPG cylinders, and electrical appliances.
- Hallmark: For gold jewellery — confirms purity in carats or millesimal fineness.
3. Product Safety and Consumer Protection
- Product safety means the item will not harm health when used properly.
- Certification schemes are voluntary — manufacturers must apply and pass tests.
- Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is the national body responsible for setting and monitoring standards.
4. Standards for Weights and Measures
- Legal Metrology ensures accurate weighing and measuring tools.
- Institute of Legal Metrology (ILM) verifies and seals all standard weights and measures.
- Only metal balances with pointers are legal — wooden or string-based ones are banned.
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