Textiles Finishes
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Community Science (Home Science)
Quick revision notes for Textiles Finishes — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Community Science (Home Science). Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Meaning and Importance of Textile Finishes
- Textile finish refers to any treatment given to fiber, yarn, or fabric before or after fabrication to change its appearance, hand (feel), or performance.
- Unfinished fabrics are called 'Grey' or 'Greige' fabrics.
- Natural fibers require more preparatory steps due to natural impurities like waxes and gums.
Classification of Textile Finishes
- Finishes are classified based on durability into permanent, semi-durable, and temporary.
- Permanent finishes last the lifetime of the fabric (e.g., parchmentizing).
- Semi-durable finishes last several washes.
Basic Textile Finishes
- Scouring removes natural impurities like waxes, oils, and dirt using detergents and alkali.
- Bleaching removes yellowish or brownish color to produce white fabric; uses oxidizing agents like sodium hypochlorite.
- Singeing burns off protruding fibers for a smooth surface and better dye absorption.
Special Purpose Finishes
- Water-repellent finishes resist water penetration but are not fully waterproof.
- Flame-retardant finishes prevent fabric from catching fire easily; use phosphate or halogen compounds.
- Wash-n-wear (durable press) finish helps fabric resist wrinkles and retain shape after washing.
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