Introduction to Textile Science
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Community Science (Home Science)
Quick revision notes for Introduction to Textile Science — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Community Science (Home Science). Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
What is a Fiber?
- A fiber is the smallest visible unit of a textile, which can be spun into yarn and woven or knitted into fabric.
- Fibers are hair-like in appearance and much longer than they are wide.
- They are the foundation of all textile materials.
Classification of Fibers
- Fibers are classified based on their source and length.
- By source: Natural, Manmade, and Synthetic fibers.
- By length: Staple fibers (short) and Filament fibers (long).
Properties of Fibers
- Physical properties include length, appearance, absorbency, strength, heat conductivity, and resilience.
- Cotton absorbs water well and dries quickly — ideal for summer clothes.
- Wool and synthetic fibers do not absorb much moisture — good for winter wear.
Fiber Identification Tests
- Three main tests: Visual, Burning, and Microscopic.
- Visual test checks fiber length, luster, and texture by hand and eye.
- Burning test identifies fiber group by smell, flame behavior, and residue.
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