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Revision Notes
Earth Movements-endogenic Forces Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Exogenic forces :weathering and erosion. Theories Isostasy, Continental drift & Plate — Revision Notes
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Geography
Earth Movements-endogenic Forces Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Exogenic forces :weathering and erosion. Theories Isostasy, Continental drift & Plate revision.
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Key Topics to Revise
1
Endogenic Movements
- Endogenic forces originate from within the Earth and cause movements in the crust.
- They are classified into diastrophic (slow) and sudden movements.
- Diastrophic movements include epeirogenic (vertical) and orogenic (horizontal) movements.
2
Sudden Movements: Earthquakes and Volcanoes
- Earthquakes are sudden tremors caused by release of stress along faults or plate boundaries.
- Focus (hypocenter) is the point inside Earth where quake starts; epicenter is directly above on surface.
- Most earthquakes occur at plate margins due to tectonic activity.
3
Exogenic Movements: Weathering and Erosion
- Exogenic forces act on the Earth's surface and include weathering and erosion.
- Weathering breaks down rocks in place; erosion transports the broken material.
- Three types of weathering: physical (mechanical), chemical, and biological.
4
Theories of Earth Movements
- Isostasy explains the balance between Earth's crust and mantle.
- Airy’s model suggests mountains have deep roots like icebergs; Pratt’s model proposes varying densities with uniform depth.
- Continental Drift Theory by Wegener proposed that continents were once joined in Pangaea and drifted apart.
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Full NotesKey Concepts
These are internal forces that originateThese are external forces like windIt is the state of gravitationalProposed by Alfred WegenerThe Earth's lithosphere is divided into
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the important topics in Earth Movements-endogenic Forces Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Exogenic forces :weathering and erosion. Theories Isostasy, Continental drift & Plate for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Geography?
Key topics in Earth Movements-endogenic Forces Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Exogenic forces :weathering and erosion. Theories Isostasy, Continental drift & Plate include Endogenic Movements, Sudden Movements: Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Exogenic Movements: Weathering and Erosion, Theories of Earth Movements. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Earth Movements-endogenic Forces Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Exogenic forces :weathering and erosion. Theories Isostasy, Continental drift & Plate for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 55 practice questions on Earth Movements-endogenic Forces Earthquakes & Volcanoes, Exogenic forces :weathering and erosion. Theories Isostasy, Continental drift & Plate. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
Sources & Official References
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