Arab Conquest Of Sindh - Turks Invasion And Establishment Of Delhi Sultanate In India — Syllabus
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · History
What Arab Conquest Of Sindh - Turks Invasion And Establishment Of Delhi Sultanate In India covers in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 History: 4.
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Topics in Arab Conquest Of Sindh - Turks Invasion And Establishment Of Delhi Sultanate In India
Arab Conquest of Sindh and Early Turk Invasions
- The rise of Islam led to the expansion of Arab power into West Asia, Iran, and Central Asia, affecting India’s overland trade and cultural influence.
- Arab traders later revived India’s sea trade with West Asia, Southeast Asia, and China.
- Sabuktigin, a Turk ruler of Ghazni, began invasions into India and defeated Raja Jaipal of Punjab in 991 CE.
Battles of Tarain and the Fall of Rajput Rule
- First Battle of Tarain (1191 CE): Prithviraj Chauhan defeated Muhammad Ghori near Thanesar.
- Second Battle of Tarain (1192 CE): Muhammad Ghori returned with better preparation and defeated Prithviraj, marking a turning point in Indian history.
- Ghori’s victory led to the collapse of Rajput resistance and the beginning of Turkish rule in North India.
Causes of Indian Defeat and Turkish Success
- Political disunity among Indian rulers and lack of central authority weakened resistance.
- Feudal system led to weak military organization and divided loyalties.
- Social divisions like the Varna system contrasted with Islamic unity and brotherhood.
The Delhi Sultanate: Dynasties and Key Rulers
- The Delhi Sultanate lasted from 1206 to 1526 and was ruled by five dynasties: Slave, Khilji, Tughlaq, Sayyid, and Lodi.
- Qutubuddin Aibak (Slave Dynasty) started the construction of Qutub Minar and built mosques like Quwwat-ul-Islam.
- Iltutmish strengthened the Sultanate, completed the Qutub Minar, and introduced the silver Tanka.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Establishment of Delhi Sultanate
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