Origin and Development of Sociology — Flashcards

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Sociology emerged in the 19th century due to major social changes like the Enlightenment, French Revolution, and Industrial Revolution. These events disrupted traditional social orders, created new so…

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Sociology is the scientific study of society, social relationships, and social behavior. It uses systematic methods to observe and analyze social phenomena, aiming to discover patterns and laws that g…

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Auguste Comte is considered the founder of sociology. He coined the term 'sociology' and proposed that society should be studied scientifically using positivism—relying on observable facts and evidenc…

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Positivism is the idea that knowledge should be based on observable and scientific evidence. Auguste Comte introduced this concept, arguing that sociology must rely on facts gathered through observati…

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The Enlightenment promoted reason, critical thinking, and scientific inquiry over religious or divine explanations. Thinkers began to question traditional authority and sought natural laws governing s…

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The French Revolution challenged the divine right of kings and introduced ideas like liberty, equality, and fraternity. It showed that society could be changed through human action, prompting thinkers…

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The Industrial Revolution caused massive social changes—people moved from villages to cities, factories replaced farms, and new social problems like unemployment, poverty, and crime emerged. These cha…

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Social Contract Theory suggests that individuals agree to give up some freedoms in exchange for social order and protection by the state. Thinkers like Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau developed this idea,…