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Syllabus

Photosynthesis — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 10 · Biology

What Photosynthesis covers in ICSE Class 10 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 10 Biology syllabus.

42 questions35 flashcards2 formulas & key relations5 concepts

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A labeled diagram of a dicot stomatal apparatus, showing the bean-shaped guard cells, the stomatal pore, and the surrounding subsidiary cells and epidermal cells.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 10 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Photosynthesis

1

1. Basic idea and overall equation

  • Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants make glucose from carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.
  • Leaves are the photosynthetic organ of the plant.
  • The overall equation is: 6 CO2 + 12 H2O --Sunlight, Chlorophyll--> C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 ↑
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2. Structure of the leaf and chloroplast

  • Leaves are flat and thin, so they absorb maximum light and allow short diffusion distance for carbon dioxide.
  • Leaves have an extensive network of veins that transport water and food materials.
  • Stomata present on leaves help in gaseous exchange.
3

3. Photosynthetic pigments

  • Chlorophyll is the most important photosynthetic pigment.
  • Chlorophyll has a magnesium-containing head and a tail of phytol, which is a type of alcohol.
  • Chlorophyll exists in forms a, b, c, d, e, and bacteriochlorophyll.
4

4. Stomata and opening and closing mechanism

  • Stomata are openings in the leaf epidermis for gas exchange.
  • Each stoma has two kidney-shaped guard cells.
  • Guard cells have thick inner cell walls and chloroplasts.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Photosynthesis is the anabolic process by which green plants prepare food using carbon dioxide, water, sunlight, and chlorophyll, releasing oxygen and forming glucose.

Photosynthetic organLeaf adaptationsChloroplastPhotosynthetic pigmentsStomata and guard cellsCell sap concentration theoryPotassium ion theoryLight reaction

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Photosynthesis for ICSE Class 10 Biology?
Key topics in Photosynthesis include Basic idea and overall equation, Structure of the leaf and chloroplast, Photosynthetic pigments, Stomata and opening and closing mechanism. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Photosynthesis for the ICSE Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 42 practice questions on Photosynthesis. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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