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Syllabus

Evolution — Syllabus

ICSE · Class 10 · Biology

What Evolution covers in ICSE Class 10 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session. Part of the ICSE Class 10 Biology syllabus.

41 questions32 flashcards5 concepts

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A comparison scene showing the population of light and dark peppered moths on tree trunks in a rural (pre-industrial) and an industrial (post-industrial) environment, illustrating natural selection.
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4 Topics · ICSE Class 10 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Evolution

1

1. Basic idea of evolution

  • Organic evolution means slow and gradual change in living organisms over many generations.
  • Living organisms on earth have developed as a result of descent with modifications from a common ancestor.
  • More complex forms evolved from earlier simpler forms.
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2. Lamarckism

  • Jean-Baptiste Lamarck was the first French biologist to attempt explaining evolution.
  • He published his views in Philosophie Zoologique in 1809.
  • His theory is called the Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characters or the Theory of Use and Disuse.
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3. Example of Lamarckism: Long neck of giraffe

  • According to Lamarck, ancestors of present-day giraffes were goat-sized.
  • When grass disappeared from the ground, they stretched their neck and forelimbs to reach leaves on trees.
  • The constant stretching continued for many generations.
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4. Vestigial organs

  • Vestigial organs are non-functional in present-day organisms but were functional in ancestors.
  • Important vestigial organs in humans are vermiform appendix, wisdom tooth, muscles of ear pinna, and coccyx.
  • The vermiform appendix is a blind tube-like structure connected to the caecum.

Key Concepts

Central concept: Evolution as the gradual change of living organisms from simpler ancestors to more complex forms

Organic evolutionPattern of evolutionLamarckismDarwinismCriticism of LamarckismIndustrial melanismEvolution of manHuman fossil phases

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Evolution for ICSE Class 10 Biology?
Key topics in Evolution include Basic idea of evolution, Lamarckism, Example of Lamarckism: Long neck of giraffe, Vestigial organs. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 10 board exam.
How should I revise Evolution for the ICSE Class 10 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 41 practice questions on Evolution. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All ICSE Class 10 Biology Syllabus

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