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Chemical Bonding

ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry

Quick revision notes for Chemical Bonding — ICSE Class 10 Chemistry. Key concepts, formulas, and definitions for last-minute revision.

44 questions50 flashcards5 concepts

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An infographic explaining the Octet Rule (atoms tend to achieve 8 valence electrons) and Duplet Rule (atoms like H, Li tend to achieve 2 valence electrons, like Helium), with simple examples of atoms
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Key Topics to Revise

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1. Why atoms combine

  • Atoms are rarely found free in nature; they usually combine to form molecules and compounds.
  • A chemical bond may be ionic, covalent, coordinate or metallic in nature.
  • Atoms combine because a less stable system tends to become more stable and move to a state of lower energy.
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2. Ionic or electrovalent bonding

  • Electrovalent bond or ionic bond is formed by complete transfer of one or more electrons from one atom to another.
  • The atom that loses electrons becomes a cation, and the atom that gains electrons becomes an anion.
  • Ionic bonding usually happens between a metal and a non-metal.
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3. Formation of important ionic compounds

  • KCl forms when potassium loses one electron and chlorine gains one electron.
  • NaCl forms when sodium loses one electron to attain the configuration of neon, while chlorine gains one electron to attain the configuration of argon.
  • MgCl2 forms because one magnesium atom loses two electrons, and two chlorine atoms accept one electron each.
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4. Covalent bonding

  • A covalent bond is formed by mutual sharing of electrons between atoms of similar or almost similar electronegativity.
  • The shared electrons are contributed equally by both atoms.
  • Covalent bonding explains molecules such as H2, N2, O2, Cl2 and CH4 where ionic theory fails.

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Full Notes

Key Concepts

Atoms are usually less stable thanDuring the formation of a moleculeAn ionic bond is the electrostaticIn NaClIonic compounds are crystalline solids

Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Chemical Bonding for ICSE Class 10 Chemistry?
Key topics in Chemical Bonding include Does an Ionic Compound Conduct Electricity? — State-by-State Decision, Overview of Chemical Bonding, Chemical Bonding - Full Chapter Concept Hierarchy. These are the concepts ICSE Class 10 examiners draw on most — study them first, then practise related questions.
How to score full marks in Chemical Bonding — ICSE Class 10 Chemistry?
Understand the core concepts first, then work through the 44 practice questions available for this chapter. Revise formulas and definitions regularly, and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All 11 chapters — ICSE Class 10 Chemistry Revision Notes

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