Chemical Bonding
ICSE · Class 10 · Chemistry
Flashcards for Chemical Bonding — ICSE Class 10 Chemistry. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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Get startedWhat is a chemical bond? Why do atoms form chemical bonds?
Answer
A chemical bond is the attractive force that holds atoms together in a molecule or compound. Atoms form chemical bonds to: (1) Achieve stability by attaining minimum energy state, and (2) Acquire nobl…
State the Octet Rule and explain its significance.
Answer
Octet Rule: During the formation of a molecule, an atom gains, loses, or shares electrons until it acquires a stable configuration of eight electrons in its valence shell (like noble gases). Exception…
Define electrovalent or ionic bond. How is it formed?
Answer
Electrovalent/Ionic bond: The electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions formed by complete transfer of electrons from electropositive atom (metal) to electronegative atom (non-…
Draw the electron dot structure of sodium chloride (NaCl) and explain its formation.
Answer
Na (2,8,1) loses 1 electron → Na⁺ (2,8), Cl (2,8,7) gains 1 electron → Cl⁻ (2,8,8). Electron dot structure: Na⁺ [Cl]⁻. Both achieve noble gas configuration (Na⁺ like Ne, Cl⁻ like Ar). The Na⁺ and Cl⁻ …
Explain the formation of magnesium chloride (MgCl₂) with electron dot structure.
Answer
Mg (2,8,2) loses 2 electrons → Mg²⁺ (2,8), Two Cl atoms (2,8,7) each gain 1 electron → 2Cl⁻ (2,8,8). Formula: MgCl₂. Electron dot structure: Mg²⁺ [Cl]⁻ [Cl]⁻. One Mg²⁺ ion is attracted to two Cl⁻ ions…
List five characteristic properties of electrovalent (ionic) compounds.
Answer
1. Exist as crystalline solids at room temperature, 2. High melting and boiling points due to strong electrostatic forces, 3. Hard and brittle nature, 4. Soluble in water (polar solvent), insoluble in…
Define covalent bond. How does it differ from ionic bond?
Answer
Covalent bond: The attractive force formed by mutual sharing of electrons between atoms of similar or nearly similar electronegativities. Difference from ionic bond: Covalent involves sharing electron…
Distinguish between polar and non-polar covalent bonds with examples.
Answer
Non-polar covalent: Equal sharing of electrons between identical atoms (same electronegativity). Examples: H₂, Cl₂, O₂. Polar covalent: Unequal sharing due to different electronegativities, creating p…
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