Chemical Bonding

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A chemical bond is actually some sort of interatomic attraction which holds the two atoms together. A chemical bond may be ionic, covalent, coordinate or metallic in nature.

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Atoms combine to acquire stability and a state of minimum energy. They gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration similar to noble gases.

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During the formation of a molecule, an atom of a particular element gains, loses or shares electrons until it acquires a stable configuration of eight electrons in its valence shell.

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The octet rule is not valid for H and Li atoms. They tend to acquire only two electrons, a duplet, similar to helium.

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In BeF2, BF3, AlCl3, the central atoms Be, B and Al have incomplete octet with 4, 6, 6 electrons respectively.

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In PCl5, SF6, IF7, the central atoms P, S and I have expanded octet with 10, 12 and 14 electrons respectively.

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Electrovalent bond or ionic bond between two atoms is the electrostatic force of attraction which holds together the ions of the combining atoms formed by the complete transfer of one or more electron…

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The number of electrons donated or accepted by the valence shell of an atom of an element to achieve stable electronic configuration is called electrovalency of that element.