Measurement Of National Income
ICSE · Class 12 · Economics
Summary of Measurement Of National Income for ICSE Class 12 Economics. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Overview
National income measurement shows the total value of production, income, and expenditure in an economy. Three methods give the same national income: Product or Value Added Method, Income Method, and Expenditure Method. The chapter also explains value added, factor incomes, final expenditure, double
Key Concepts
Value added is the difference between
Value added is the difference between the value of output and non-factor inputs. It shows the extra value created by a production unit. Intermediate c
Value of output is the money
Value of output is the money value of all goods and services produced by a firm at current prices. It can be measured as Price × Quantity or as Sales
Factor inputs are the services
Factor inputs are the services of land, labour, capital, and entrepreneurship. Non-factor inputs are intermediate goods and services purchased from ot
Gross Value Added at Market Price
Gross Value Added at Market Price is reduced by depreciation to get Net Value Added at Market Price. Net indirect taxes are then subtracted to get Net
Domestic income is NDP_FC
Domestic income is NDP_FC, the sum of factor incomes generated within domestic territory. National income is NNP_FC, obtained by adding Net Factor Inc
Learning Objectives
- Understand the meaning of national income and its circular flow
- Learn the Product or Value Added Method and avoid double counting
- Identify the main components of income under the Income Method
- Study the main components of final expenditure under the Expenditure Method
- Understand why all three methods give the same national income
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