Chapter 22 of 25
Revision Notes
Geographical Information System (GIS) — Revision Notes
ICSE · Class 12 · Geography
Geographical Information System (GIS) revision notes for ICSE Class 12 Geography: 4 topics in quick points. Part of the ICSE Class 12 Geography syllabus.
70 questions42 flashcards5 concepts
Interactive on Super Tutor
Studying Geographical Information System (GIS)? Get the full interactive chapter.
Quizzes, flashcards, AI doubt-solver and a step-by-step study plan — built for revision notes and more.
Free trial, no card needed.
Key Topics to Revise
1
1. Spatial Information Technology and GIS
- Spatial information technology refers to the distribution of phenomena over geographical space.
- It is derived from the term 'space' and focuses on how things are arranged on the Earth's surface.
- Spatial information technology is an amalgamation of Remote Sensing, GPS, GIS, Digital Cartography, and Database Management Systems.
2
2. Forms of Geographical Information
- Geographical information is represented by two types of data: spatial data and non-spatial data.
- Spatial data relate to geographical space and have positional, linear, or areal form.
- Spatial data must have a definite geometrical shape to be stored in the internal database structure of GIS.
3
3. Sources and Building Spatial Data in GIS
- Spatial data can be built into GIS in several ways.
- Important ways include acquiring digital data from a data supplier, digitising existing analogue data, and carrying out surveys of geographic entities.
- The choice of geographical data source depends on the application area, available budget, and the type of data structure, whether vector or raster.
4
4. Advantages of GIS over Manual Methods
- Manual methods have three limitations: map information is processed and presented in a particular way, a map shows a single or predetermined theme, and a new map must be drawn when information is alte
- GIS overcomes these limitations by allowing interrogation of displayed spatial features and retrieval of associated attribute information.
- GIS allows maps to be drawn by querying or analysing attribute data.
Get complete notes with diagrams and examples
Full NotesKey Concepts
Spatial information technology refers toGIS is a computer systemSpatial data are geographical dataNonRaster data are arranged in rows
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the important topics in Geographical Information System (GIS) for ICSE Class 12 Geography?
Key topics in Geographical Information System (GIS) include Spatial Information Technology and GIS, Forms of Geographical Information, Sources and Building Spatial Data in GIS, Advantages of GIS over Manual Methods. Study these first, then practise questions on each for the ICSE Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Geographical Information System (GIS) for the ICSE Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 70 practice questions on Geographical Information System (GIS). Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.
Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
More resources for Geographical Information System (GIS)
For serious students
Get the full Geographical Information System (GIS) chapter — start free.
Quizzes, flashcards, an AI doubt solver and a study plan for ICSE Class 12 Geography. Free to start, no card needed.