Franchise and Representation — Chapter Summary
ICSE · Class 12 · Political Science
Summary of Franchise and Representation for ICSE Class 12 Political Science. Part of the ICSE Class 12 Political Science syllabus.
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Overview
Modern democracy rests on universal adult franchise, representation, political parties, and fair methods of election. Power resides in the people, but it is exercised through elected representatives who act with a mandate from the electorate. The chapter explains who can vote, how representation is
Key Concepts
Universal adult franchise gives the right
Universal adult franchise gives the right to vote to all adult citizens without discrimination on artificial or unreasonable grounds. The principle is
Representation is the process through
Representation is the process through which the views, preferences, and interests of the people are turned into government action by a smaller number
This theory stresses individual rights
This theory stresses individual rights, equality of voting rights, geographic constituencies, free and fair elections, and secret ballot. The represen
This theory gives importance to class
This theory gives importance to class rather than the individual. It holds that representation should reflect social equality and the interests of the
Garner gives three positions
Garner gives three positions: representative as an agent of the constituency, as a representative of the whole state, or as a mouthpiece of the party.
Learning Objectives
- Understand the meaning and importance of universal adult franchise
- Explain the concept of representation and its main theories
- Describe the different roles of representatives
- Compare the main types of representation in elections
- Analyse the meaning, features, and functions of political parties
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Sources & Official References
Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.
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