Elements of Group 1 and 2 — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Chemistry
24 flashcards for Elements of Group 1 and 2 (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What are the three isotopes of hydrogen? Give their names, symbols, and abundance.
Answer
1. Hydrogen (¹₁H or H-1): 99.98% abundance, stable 2. Deuterium (²₁H or D): 0.015% abundance, stable 3. Tritium (³₁H or T): Trace amounts, radioactive with half-life 12.4 years…
Why is hydrogen's position in the periodic table controversial? Explain with electronic configuration.
Answer
Hydrogen has electronic configuration 1s¹, which resembles: • Group 1 (ns¹): Like alkali metals • Group 17 (ns²np⁵): By gaining one electron, it achieves He configuration (1s²) It shows properties of …
Write the industrial preparation of hydrogen from water-gas. Include all three stages.
Answer
Stage 1: CH₄(g) + H₂O(g) →1270K/Ni→ CO(g) + 3H₂(g) [Water-gas formation] Stage 2: CO(g) + H₂O(g) →673K/iron chromate→ CO₂(g) + H₂(g) [Water-gas shift reaction] Stage 3: CO₂ removed by scrubbing with s…
What is the reducing nature of hydrogen? Give three examples with balanced equations.
Answer
Hydrogen reduces oxides of metals less reactive than iron: 1. CuO(s) + H₂(g) → Cu(s) + H₂O(l) 2. Fe₃O₄(s) + 4H₂(g) → 3Fe(s) + 4H₂O(l) 3. Pd²⁺(aq) + H₂(g) → Pd(s) + 2H⁺(aq) Also used in hydrogenation o…
What is the general electronic configuration of Group 1 and Group 2 elements? Why are they called s-block elements?
Answer
Group 1: ns¹ (outer electronic configuration) Group 2: ns² (outer electronic configuration) They are called s-block elements because the last electron enters the 's' subshell. These elements are highl…
Why do alkali metals float on water? Write the reaction of sodium with water.
Answer
Alkali metals float on water because: 1. They have low density (lighter than water) 2. Hydrogen gas bubbles are released during reaction Reaction: 2Na(s) + 2H₂O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H₂(g)↑ This reaction i…
Explain the diagonal relationship between Li-Mg and Be-Al with examples.
Answer
Diagonal relationship occurs due to similar atomic properties: Li-Mg similarities: • Both form deliquescent chlorides (LiCl·2H₂O, MgCl₂·8H₂O) • Both carbonates decompose on heating: Li₂CO₃ → Li₂O + CO…
What happens when alkali metals react with oxygen? Write equations for Li, Na, and K.
Answer
Different products form with different alkali metals: • Lithium: 4Li + O₂ → 2Li₂O (oxide) • Sodium: 2Na + O₂ → Na₂O₂ (peroxide) • Potassium: K + O₂ → KO₂ (superoxide) These reactions are highly exothe…
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