Introduction to Analytical Chemistry — Flashcards
Maharashtra Board · Class 11 · Chemistry
25 flashcards for Introduction to Analytical Chemistry (Maharashtra Board Class 11 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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What is analytical chemistry and what are its main branches?
Answer
Analytical chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of separation, identification, qualitative and quantitative determination of compositions of different substances. It has two …
Distinguish between dry method and wet method in chemical analysis.
Answer
Dry method: Sample under test is not dissolved and is analyzed directly. Usually used as preliminary tests in qualitative analysis. Examples include flame tests, borax bead tests. Wet method: Sample i…
Express 0.00000456 in scientific notation and identify the number of significant figures.
Answer
Scientific notation: 4.56 × 10⁻⁶. The decimal point is moved 6 places to the right, hence the exponent is -6. Number of significant figures: 3 (all non-zero digits 4, 5, 6 are significant).
Calculate: (2.5 × 10⁴) × (3.2 × 10⁻³)
Answer
Step 1: Multiply the coefficients: 2.5 × 3.2 = 8.0 Step 2: Add the exponents: 4 + (-3) = 1 Step 3: Combine: 8.0 × 10¹ = 80 Answer: 8.0 × 10¹ or 80…
Define accuracy and precision in analytical measurements. How are they different?
Answer
Accuracy: Nearness of measured value to the true value. Precision: Reproducibility of measurements (how close repeated measurements are to each other). Difference: You can have high precision with low…
What is absolute error and relative error? Give formulas.
Answer
Absolute error = Observed value - True value Relative error = (Absolute error/True value) × 100% Absolute error gives the actual difference, while relative error gives the percentage error, which is m…
State the rules for determining significant figures in measurements.
Answer
1. All non-zero digits are significant 2. Zeros between non-zero digits are significant 3. Leading zeros are NOT significant 4. Trailing zeros after decimal point ARE significant 5. Trailing zeros wit…
How many significant figures are in: (a) 0.0250 (b) 305.00 (c) 4.0 × 10³?
Answer
(a) 0.0250 = 3 significant figures (2, 5, 0 after decimal) (b) 305.00 = 5 significant figures (all digits including trailing zeros after decimal) (c) 4.0 × 10³ = 2 significant figures (4 and 0 in scie…
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